Attack Vectors

What and how generative AI techniques are used to deceive, impersonate and defraud.
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Voice cloning

Audio
Corporate Fraud
Consumer Fraud

Voice cloning uses AI to replicate a specific person’s voice from a short audio sample, then generate new speech in that voice. Open-source models can produce convincing output from ten seconds or less of reference audio, and most ship without watermarks.

Use cases: Executive impersonation · Live agent assist · Identity verification & KYC

How it works

  • A neural model is trained or conditioned on a target voice sample
  • The cloned voice can speak any text with control over emotion, pacing, and emphasis
  • Reference audio is sourced from podcasts, earnings calls, conference recordings, or social video

Where it shows up

  • Wire transfer fraud where a finance team member receives a "CEO" call authorizing an urgent payment
  • Vendor impersonation calls to AP teams redirecting invoices
  • Live video meetings paired with face swap for executive impersonation
  • Vishing campaigns at scale using cloned executive or celebrity voices
  • Bypass attempts against voice biometric verification at onboarding or in the contact center